Removing a lock washer on dolly wheels is a necessary maintenance task that helps keep your equipment safe and working smoothly.
This guide provides detailed instructions and essential information covering types, sizes, materials, safety measures, removal steps, troubleshooting, installation, and maintenance. Whether you are a professional mover or a DIY enthusiast, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and confidence to perform the job correctly and efficiently.
What Is a Dolly Wheel Lock Washer?
A lock washer is a small but vital component that secures the dolly wheel nut onto the axle. It prevents the nut from loosening due to vibrations and movement during use. Most dollies utilize internal tooth lock washers, often called push nuts, because they push onto the axle and lock in place with serrated teeth.
About the PS Style Lock Washer
The common type found on dollies is the PS style – sheared push-on washer. This style features serrated teeth that flex outward slightly when pushed onto the axle or stud.
These teeth grip firmly, adapting to slight variations in axle size and helping prevent the nut from backing off. This flexibility makes PS style washers very effective for dollies and other moving equipment.
There are two main lock washer categories to be aware of:
- Internal tooth washers: These fit inside the nut or bolt head and lock by gripping the internal surfaces.
- External tooth washers: These fit beneath the nut and grip the bolt’s outer surface.
Most dolly wheels use internal tooth lock washers for their strong and compact design.
Lock Washer Types, Sizes, and Specifications
Choosing the right size washer is crucial for safety and performance. Incorrect sizing can cause the washer to slip or fail, risking wheel detachment.
| Washer Size | Inner Diameter (ID) | Outer Diameter (OD) | Thickness | Typical Application |
| 5/8″ | 16 mm (0.63 inches) | 25.5 mm (1 inch) | 0.02 inch | Heavy-duty dollies and larger equipment |
| 1/2″ | 12.19 mm (0.48 inch) | 24.8 mm (0.98 inch) | 0.02 inch | Smaller dollies, yard wagons, hand trucks |
Measuring Your Axle
To select the correct washer size:
- Use a caliper or precise ruler to measure the diameter of your dolly’s axle rod where the washer fits.
- The washer’s inner diameter must closely match the axle diameter for a tight fit and effective locking. Even small differences (e.g., 0.01 mm) can affect performance.
Materials and Protective Coatings
Lock washers are commonly made from steel due to its strength and durability. To prevent rust and corrosion, manufacturers apply a dual-layer protective finish combining:
- Zinc phosphate coating: This provides a corrosion-resistant base layer that helps the washer resist rust and extends its service life.
- Oil sealer finish: This top layer adds lubrication and additional protection, reducing friction and further preventing oxidation.
This combined finish is standard in quality lock washers and provides long-lasting protection even in harsh environments.
Alternative Materials
- Nylon or plastic washers are available and offer excellent corrosion resistance. However, they lack the strength of steel and are suitable mainly for lighter loads or indoor use.
- Steel washers with the dual-layer finish remain the preferred option for heavy-duty dollies.
Safety Precautions Before You Start
Before working on dolly wheels, prioritize safety to prevent injuries and equipment damage:
- Secure the dolly: Use jack stands, wheel chocks, or blocks to stabilize the dolly and prevent movement during work.
- Wear eye protection: Protect your eyes from rust particles, oil spray, and metal shards when hammering or using tools.
- Work in a ventilated area: Penetrating oils emit fumes; ensure good airflow.
- Inspect equipment: Check for loose parts or damage that could pose risks during disassembly.
Tools You Will Need
Prepare the following tools to make the removal process smooth and efficient:
- Penetrating oil (e.g., WD-40): Loosens rust and dirt around nuts and washers.
- Ratchet wrench: For loosening and removing nuts.
- Vice grip pliers: To provide extra grip and leverage on stubborn nuts.
- Screwdriver or chisel: To pry and separate the lock washer teeth.
- Hammer: Used carefully to tap rusted parts or split washers.
- Optional: Nut extractor sockets or a grinder may be required for severely stuck nuts.
Step-by-Step Removal Process
Follow these detailed steps for effective and safe lock washer removal:
1. Apply Penetrating Oil
Spray the penetrating oil generously on the lock washer, nut, and surrounding threads. Allow it to soak for 5 to 10 minutes. This helps loosen rust, corrosion, and dirt that cause the washer and nut to stick.
If rust buildup is severe, tap lightly on the area with a hammer. This vibration can help break loose stubborn rust deposits.
2. Loosen the Nut
Use a ratchet wrench to turn the nut counterclockwise to loosen it. If it resists, apply steady force with vice grips to increase leverage.
If the nut remains stuck after attempts, use a nut extractor socket designed to grip damaged nuts, or as a last resort, carefully cut off the nut with a grinder. Take care to avoid damaging the axle.
3. Remove the Lock Washer
- Insert a screwdriver between the serrated teeth of the push nut washer. Gently pry upwards to release the teeth’s grip on the axle.
- Alternatively, place a screwdriver or chisel at the washer’s edge and tap lightly with a hammer to split it into two pieces.
Once the washer’s grip is released, it should slide off easily.
Installation Guide for New Lock Washers
When replacing the lock washer, follow these important tips:
- Correct orientation: The washer’s teeth should face away from the wheel and toward the nut or bolt head. This direction allows the teeth to grip the axle firmly and prevent loosening.
- Hand installation: Push nuts are designed to be installed by hand. Press the washer firmly onto the axle until it seats fully. Avoid using excessive force or tools that could damage the teeth.
- Secure the nut: Tighten the nut by hand or with a wrench after installing the washer. Push nuts do not require specific torque specifications, as they are not threaded fasteners.
- Test the assembly: Spin the wheel to ensure it rotates smoothly and check for any looseness or wobble.
Price and Availability
- Lock washers are generally inexpensive, with pack prices varying by size and quantity.
- Common packs of 8 to 20 washers are often priced under $5 online and at hardware stores.
- Both 1/2 inch and 5/8 inch sizes are widely available from multiple suppliers, including Amazon, industrial supply stores, and local hardware outlets.
Troubleshooting Tips
- Damaged axle threads: If threads strip during removal, consider using a thread repair kit or replacing the axle to ensure safety and proper fit.
- Seized washers: For washers that refuse to budge, apply more penetrating oil and allow longer soaking times. Carefully use heat from a heat gun if safe to do so.
- Bent or damaged washers: Replace damaged washers immediately, as their locking ability is compromised.
- Severe rust or corrosion: In extreme cases, replacing the entire wheel assembly may be safer and more cost-effective.
Maintenance and Prevention Tips
- Inspect washers, nuts, and axles on a monthly or quarterly basis to catch rust or wear early.
- Regularly lubricate moving parts with light oil or grease to prevent corrosion and wear.
- Store dollies in dry, sheltered locations to minimize rust.
- Check other wheel components like brake drums and bearings for signs of wear or damage.
Warning Signs for Replacement
Replace your lock washer if you notice:
- Visible rust or corrosion on the washer or nut.
- Bent, broken, or missing teeth on the lock washer.
- The wheel feels loose or wobbly during use.
- The nut becomes loose after tightening.
Timely replacement ensures your dolly’s wheels remain secure and safe.
Environmental Considerations
- Dispose of old washers responsibly by recycling at metal scrap centers.
- Use penetrating oils sparingly and clean up spills promptly to protect the environment.
- Choose eco-friendly lubricants and oils when available to reduce environmental impact.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can I reuse a lock washer?
No. Lock washer teeth weaken after use and removal. Reusing worn washers risks nut loosening and wheel failure.
Can I remove the washer without damage?
Yes, by working slowly and carefully. Some minor damage is normal. Since washers are inexpensive, replacement is best.
Is removing the washer risky?
Risk is low if you remove the tire first, secure the dolly, wear safety gear, and work methodically.
What if the nut or washer won’t come off?
Use penetrating oil, tapping, vice grips, or nut extractors. Cutting tools are a last resort.
Conclusion
With the right tools and careful steps, removing and replacing a lock washer on dolly wheels is straightforward. Regular inspection and maintenance extend the life of your dolly and ensure safety.
If you have questions or want to share your results, leave a comment below.
Don’t forget to share this guide with anyone who may benefit from it.
Read Also – How to Use a Lock Washer With a Flat Washer
You recommend removing the wheel before working on it? That’s great except the problem is that I can’t remove the wheel.
Before attempting to remove the wheel from the rod, it is essential to first remove or loosen the lock washer. This is because the nut and lock washer work together to secure the wheel in place. Could you please provide more detailed information about the specific issue you are encountering?